Single B Cell Sorting Platform
Monoclonal antibody (mAb) as the pioneer of antibody drugs, more than 100 monoclonal antibodies have been approved for the treatment of cancer, infectious disease, own drug development market, and show their unique therapeutic value. Single B cell antibody technology, as a new generation of antibody development technology, can efficiently and quickly isolate antibodies from single B cells, which is a breakthrough in antibody production technology after hybridoma and phage display. Single B cell sorting technology can be used to antibody generation against multiple species such as rabbits, mice, camels, sheep, and chickens. Single B cell technology has outstanding advantages such as high specificity, high activity, and high affinity. Based on the Single B cell sorting platform, Alpha Lifetech has advantages in screening time and obtaining high-quality antibodies. It can provide antigen design, synthesis, and modification, animal immunity, single B cell enrichment screening, single cell sequencing, high throughput screening, expression, and purification, One stop technical services such as functional verification to meet the diverse needs of customers.
Summary of Single B-Cell Screening Techniques
Single B cell screening methods are mainly divided into random isolation method and Antigenselective isolation. Random separation is applicable to samples with high concentration of Antigenselective isolation , and only B cells are separated. It is simple to operate but requires a lot of work, and is often used as the first step of antigen-specific separation.Antigen-specific separation method is suitable for the situation that the content of specific antibodies such as anti-tumor antibodies and autoimmune antibodies is low. It is relatively complex to isolate specific B cells by using the immunological principle of antigen and antibody specific binding to the original. Commonly used method of classification and its advantages and disadvantages are shown in table.
|
Approaches |
Advantages |
Disadvantages |
Random
Isolation
|
Micromanipulation |
Low equipment requirements
Simple operation
|
Low efficiency
Limited types of isolated cells
|
|
Laser capture microdissection
|
High position accuracy
Simple operation
Visually select similar cells from the sample and remove impurities
|
Complicated process of sample preparation
Inability to automate
|
|
Fluorescence-activated cell sorting |
High accuracy and efficiency
High degree of automation
Wide application
|
Complicated operation
High equipment requirements
|
Antigen Selective Isolation |
Fluorochrome labeled antigens via multiparameter |
High accuracy and efficiency
High degree of automation
High-throughput and multiparameter
Capability of isolating B cells at different stages
|
Complicated operation
High equipment requirements
|
|
Antigencoated magnetic beads |
Simple operation
High repeatability
Can enrich target B cells
|
Complicated operation
Magnetic beads affect the biological activity of cells and are not conducive to the culture and operation after isolation
|
|
Microengraving |
High efficiency
High Speed
|
High equipment requirements
Low efficiency
|
|
Immunospot array assay on a chip |
High degree of automation
High accuracy and efficiency
|
Complicated operation
High cost
|
single B cell Screening Antibody Service Process
Animal immunzation
Select the appropriate antigen to the experimental animals (such as mice, rabbits, etc.) for immune stimulation, so that they can produce specific antibodies against the antigen.
Animal immunzation is the initial stage of antibody generation. Animal immunzation is the use of the humoral immune response mechanism of the organism itself, through the continuous stimulation of antigens, animals produce a strong immune response, and then secrete specific antibodies against specific antigens.
Collection and enrichment of B cells
B cells were isolated from peripheral blood, spleen or lymph nodes of immune animals. These B cells have been immunologically stimulated to produce antibodies against specific antigens.
By physical or chemical methods (such as density gradient centrifugation, magnetic bead separation, etc.) enrichment of B cells, removal of impurity cells, improve the purity of B cells and the efficiency of subsequent separation.
B cell sorting
Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting(FACS), Magnetic Cell Separation(MACS), Microfluidic Cell Sorter(MCS) or other high-throughput screening techniques, combined with antigen-specific labeling, can be used to screen individual B cells from enriched B cells to produce targeted antibodies.
When a single B cell is isolated from a mixed B cell population, its antibody genes need to be sequenced by single cell sequencing technology and analyzed to obtain the DNA sequence information of heavy chain variable region (VH) and light chain variable region (VL). Single cell sequencing technology mainly includes three steps: single cell isolation, intracellular nucleic acid amplification and sequencing analysis. The principle of single cell sequencing is to amplify the trace whole genome DNA or RNA of isolated single cells to obtain a complete genome or transcriptome with high coverage for high-throughput sequencing.
Through high-throughput screening, antibody gene sequences of thousands of B cells can be obtained at one time, greatly speeding up the speed of antibody discovery. These sequence information can be further used for antibody library construction and screening.
Antibody gene amplification
A single B cell is cleaved to release mRNA. Then, the cDNA sequences of heavy chain variable region (VH) and light chain variable region (VL) were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Antibody expression and purification
The amplified variable region gene was inserted into the vector plasmid with constant region gene to construct the monoclonal antibody expression plasmid. Then, the appropriate expression system (eukaryotic expression system such as CHO cells or prokaryotic expression system such as Escherichia coli) is selected for expression, and the monoclonal antibody with biological activity is obtained. Protein A affinity chromatography was used to extract and purify the expressed antibodies from cell culture and obtain high quality recombinant monoclonal antibodies.
Antibody validation
The antibody validation of the specificity, affinity and biological activity by ELISA, Western blot, Flow Analysis, and Immunocoprecipitation to ensure that the antibody performance met expectations. Antibody validation is a key step in ensuring the quality and reliability of antibodies.
Requirements for immunogen
(1)Recombinant protein: ≥2.5 mg, protein purity >85%, protein molecular weight greater than 10 kDa, soluble protein concentration between 0.5 and 5mg/mL. If antigen affinity purification is required, an additional 10 mg of recombinant protein is required.
(2)Polypeptides and small molecules: Bare peptide ≥10 mg, peptide purity >90%, no less than 10 AA, coupling KLH/BSA/OVA or other carrier proteins; Small molecules require structural evaluation in advance.
single B cell Sorting Service Workflow
Steps |
Service Content |
Timeline |
Step 1: Animal immunization and ELISA detection |
(1)Animals were immunized 4-5 times, starting from the 4th dose, serum was collected for ELISA detection of antibody titer (protein antigen ELISA serum titer >10^5; Peptide antigen ELISA serum titer >10^4).
At the same time, 0.1ml of pre-immunization and post-immunization serum are sent to customers for testing; If the titer is not qualified, the immunization will continue or the client requests the termination of the project, and only the immunization part will be charged;
(2)If the titer was qualified, PBMC cells were isolated from whole blood.
|
10-12 weeks |
Step 2: Single B cell sorting |
(1)Spleen was collected, single B cell suspension was prepared, peripheral blood was collected, and PBMC cells were isolated.
(2) Immunoantigen markers FITC and AF648.
(3) Double fluorescence flow sorting+ single b cell clone culture.
(4)ELISA identification + sequencing of positive clones.
|
2-3 weeks |
Step 3: Antibody expression and validation |
(1) 6-10 sequence gene synthesis + mammalian expression test validation.
(2) ELISA identification.
|
3-4 weeks |
Step 4: Delivery |
(1) Antibody sequences: 4-6 antibody sequences (unexpressed sequences are delivered together).
(2) Each expressed sequence delivered 0.2mg of antibody.
(3) Experimental report.
|
1 week |