He aha ka ʻenekinia Antibody?

Me ke kōkua o ka ʻenekinia antibody, ua hiki ke hoʻololi i ka nui o ka molekala, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, binding affinity, specificity a me ka hana effector o nā antibodies. Ma hope o ka synthesizing antibodies, ʻo ka nakinaki kikoʻī o nā antibodies e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea waiwai nui i ka ʻike lapaʻau a me ka mālama ʻana. Ma o ka ʻenekinia antibody, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokō i nā pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka diagnostic i ka wā mua.

ʻO ke kumu o ka ʻenekinia antibody ka hoʻolālā a me ka hana ʻana i nā hana kikoʻī loa a paʻa hoʻi i hiki ʻole i nā antibodies kūlohelohe ke hoʻokō, e kau ana i ke kumu no ka hana ʻana o nā antibodies therapeutic.

ʻO Alpha Lifetech, me kona ʻike papahana nui i ka ʻenekinia antibody, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā lawelawe antibody monoclonal a me polyclonal i hana kūikawā ʻia no nā ʻano like ʻole, a me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka waihona puke antibody hōʻike phage a me nā lawelawe nānā. Hiki iā Alpha Lifetech ke hāʻawi i nā mea kūʻai aku me nā antibodies biosimilar maikaʻi a me nā huahana protein recombinant, a me nā lawelawe pili, e hana i nā antibodies kūpono, kikoʻī loa, a paʻa. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka antibody piha, nā kahua protein a me nā ʻōnaehana hōʻike phage, hāʻawi mākou i nā lawelawe e uhi ana i ka ʻaoʻao mua a me lalo o ka hana antibody, me nā lawelawe loea e like me ka antibody humanization, antibody purification, antibody sequencing, a me ka antibody validation.

ʻO ke kahua paionia o ka ʻenekinia antibody e pili ana i nā ʻenehana ʻelua:

--ʻenehana DNA Recombinant

--ʻenehana Hybridoma

ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻenekinia antibody e pili ana i ʻekolu mau ʻenehana koʻikoʻi:

--ʻenehana cloning gene a me ka polymerase chain reaction

--Hōʻike ʻana o ka protein: Hoʻopuka ʻia nā protein recombinant e nā ʻōnaehana hōʻike e like me ka hū, nā virus ʻano koʻokoʻo, a me nā mea kanu

--Hoʻolālā kūkulu kōkua kamepiula

Ua hoʻololi ʻia ka hanauna mua o nā antibodies no ka hana ʻana i nā antibodies chimeric, kahi i hoʻopili ʻia ai ka ʻāpana loli o nā antibodies monoclonal mouse i ka ʻāpana mau o nā molekala IgG kanaka. Ua hoʻoili ʻia ka ʻāpana hoʻopaʻa antigen (CDR) o ka antibody monoclonal mouse hanauna ʻelua i loko o ka IgG kanaka. Koe wale nō ka ʻāpana CDR, ʻaneʻane nā antibodies ʻē aʻe a pau he mau antibodies kanaka, a ua hoʻoikaika ʻia e pale aku i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā pane antibody anti mouse kanaka (HAMA) i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā antibodies clone mouse no ka mālama ʻana i ke kanaka.

 

No ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi waihona hōʻike phage, ʻo ka hana mua, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o nā genes e hoʻopili ana i nā antibodies, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā cell B o nā holoholona i pale ʻia (kūkulu hale waihona pale), unuhi pololei ʻia mai nā holoholona i pale ʻole ʻia (kūkulu hale waihona kūlohelohe), a i ʻole e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i loko o vitro me nā ʻāpana gene antibody (kūkulu hale waihona synthetic). A laila, hoʻonui ʻia nā genes e PCR, hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā plasmids, a hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā ʻōnaehana host kūpono (hōʻike yeast (ʻo Pichia pastoris maʻamau), hōʻike prokaryotic (ʻo E. coli maʻamau), hōʻike cell mammalian, hōʻike cell mea kanu, a me ka hōʻike cell pepeke i loaʻa i nā virus ʻano koʻokoʻo). ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka ʻōnaehana hōʻike E. coli, kahi e hoʻohui ai i kahi kaʻina antibody encoding kikoʻī ma luna o ka phage a hoʻopili i kekahi o nā protein shell phage (pIII a i ʻole pVIII). ʻO ka hui ʻana o ka gene o, A hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻili o nā bacteriophages. ʻO ke kumu o kēia ʻenehana, ʻo ia ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi waihona hōʻike phage, nona ka pono ma luna o nā waihona kūlohelohe no ka mea hiki iā ia ke loaʻa kahi nakinaki kikoʻī. Ma hope iho, ua nānā ʻia nā antibodies me ke ʻano kūikawā o ka antigen ma o ke kaʻina koho biological, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā antigens target, ua holoi pinepine ʻia nā phages i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia, a ua holoi ʻia nā phages i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka hoʻonui hou ʻana. Ma hope o ʻekolu a ʻoi aku paha mau pōʻai o ka hana hou ʻana, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā antibodies kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe a me ke ʻano kūlike kiʻekiʻe.

Kiʻi 3: Ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana o ka waihona puke antibody

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻenehana DNA Recombinant e hana i nā ʻāpana antibody. Hiki ke hydrolyzed mua ʻia nā antibodies Fab e ka protease gastric e hana i nā ʻāpana (Fab ') 2, a laila e ʻeli ʻia e ka papain e hana i nā ʻāpana Fab pākahi. ʻO ka ʻāpana Fv he VH a me VL, nona ka paʻa maikaʻi ʻole ma muli o ka nele o nā pilina disulfide. No laila, ua hoʻopili ʻia ʻo VH a me VL ma o kahi peptide pōkole o 15-20 mau waikawa amino e hana i kahi antibody kaulahao hoʻokahi (scFv) me ke kaumaha molekala o kahi 25KDa.

Ua wehewehe ke aʻo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka antibody ma Camelidae (Camel, LIama, a me Alpaca) he mau kaulahao kaumaha wale nō ko nā antibodies a ʻaʻohe kaulahao māmā, no laila ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau antibodies kaulahao kaumaha (hcAb). ʻO ke kikowaena loli o nā antibodies kaulahao kaumaha ua kapa ʻia he mau antibodies kikowaena hoʻokahi a i ʻole nanobodies a i ʻole VHH, me ka nui o 12-15 kDa. Ma ke ʻano he monomers, ʻaʻohe o lākou mau pilina disulfide a he paʻa loa, me kahi pilina kiʻekiʻe loa no nā antigens.

Kiʻi 5: Antibody Kaulahao Kaumaha a me VHH/ Nanobody

Hoʻohana ka hoʻopuka manuahi ʻana o ke kelepona i ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka DNA kūlohelohe a synthetic paha e hoʻokō i ka synthesis protein in vitro, ma ke ʻano maʻamau me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopuka E. coli. Hoʻopuka koke ia i nā protein a pale i ke kaumaha metabolic a me cytotoxic ma nā cell i ka wā e hana ana i nā nui he nui o nā protein recombinant in vivo. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā protein paʻakikī ke synthesize, e like me nā mea paʻakikī ke hoʻololi ma hope o ka unuhi ʻana a i ʻole synthesize i nā protein membrane.